Xiao Pan

Under climate change, surface warming is far from spatially uniform. Regional warming holes and asymmetric polar amplification provide important clues to how the climate system redistributes energy through atmospheric transport, and how regional dynamical processes shape large-scale circulation and temperature patterns.

My research investigates the mechanisms that shape these uneven warming patterns, with a focus on the southeast Pacific warming hole and the hemispheric asymmetry of polar amplification. Using a hierarchy of climate models, I examine how atmospheric circulation, cloud–radiative feedbacks, land–surface forcing, and topography interact to determine regional and global climate responses.